Reflectoscope.



REFLEGTOSGOPE. Y Y APPLICATION FILED APR. 3, 1909. IHNIHVED DBO. 15, 1913. 1,086,704. Patented Feb. 1o, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

T. GRAHAM. RBFLEGTOSGOPE.

APPLICATION HLBD-APR. 3, 1909. RBNBWBD DBO. 15, 191s.

j? Patented Feb. 1o, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

rnonas GRAHAM, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

' RailIEZILElf'IJOSC5OPE.v

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led April 3, 1909, Serial No. 487,637.

.Patented Feb. 10, 1914.

Renewed December 15, 1913. Serial No. 806,910.

To all @cham t concern Be 1t known that I, THOMASv GRAHAM', a

citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, county of Cook, State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improve-- ment in Betlectoscopes, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description'of .the same, such as will enable. others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the'accompanying drawings, which form a art of this specification.

y invention relates to apparatuses for throwing upon a screen or the like enlarged reflections of pictures or thelike and it has for its object to simplify and improve the construction and manner of using the same.

A further object of my invention is to produce an` apparatus of the character specified which may be illuminated from any source of illumination usually found in dwellings. l A further object of my invention is to make it possible vfor an apparatus of the character specified to be illuminated by means of an ordinary reading lamp which,

at other times, may serve as. a reading lamp without being changed in any way.

The various features of novelty whereby my invention is characterized will hereinafter be pointed out with particularity in the claims; but, for a full understanding of my invention and of its objects'and advantages reference may be had to the following det-ailed' 'description taken in con-v nection with the accompanying' drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved apparatus, a portion being in section, showing the manner of using it with an ordinary reading lamp; Fig. 2 is a planv view of the apparatus; Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an.

edge view of an improved card-holder; Fig. 5 is a view of the lamp shown in Fig. 1 employed asa reading lamp; and Fig. 6 is a section taken through the apparatus showing the .manner of using it with a gas burner or with an electricjlight.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a refiectoscope casing having at the front thereof a lens-supporting tube B. Thel lenses are not shown since their construction and arrangement is well known. The rear wall of the' casing is in the form of a door C hinged as at o at its lower edge. In one corner of the lower wall is an opening prefprojection D, open atl the top, at this point. Directly above theopening in the bot-tom is a second opening E in the top wall of the casing. The opening E is preferably surrounded by .a short annular iiange F pro- -jectingupwardly from the casing.

is a chimney member which is preferably detachably secured in place by fitting Aclosely around the flange F. Upon the top vof the chimney is a perforated cover H which is preferably detachable. t I is a hood -which overlies the cover at some distance above it; the hood being de- .tachably held in place in any suitable manner` as, for example, by means of spring clips z'. At the two sides of the casing are secured upright tubes K and K1. In the corner of the casing adjacent to the member D and the chimney is a reflector L situated so as to concentrate the light from a source in front of it upon the door at the rear of the casing.

hinged door is a card-holder M consisting preferably of a flatplate having two of its edges turned in as at m. The card-holder is preferably bowed as shown so as to. carry its ends nearer the front of the casing than the middle thereof. A card which is to he shown is slipped upon the holder with its edges underlying the inturned portions m holding the card in place. The holder is preferably' secured in position` so that it may readily be detached or turned at an angle of ninety degrees from ythe position shown in Fig. 3.

By making the holder revoluble it is possible to reproduce pictures upon the screen in upright positions regardless of whether they are arranged lengthwise or crosswise of a card. .It 1s often desirable to show a they are all mounted on a single strip. Thus, for example, it may be desired to refleet a series of pictures out from the comic section of a Sunday newspaper. 'In such case the cardholder may be entirely re- Secured upon the inner surface of the which act both as guides and means forA erably formed by providing a short tubular series of pictures one after the other where I moved by simply unscrewing the thumb-nut N. The strip 1s then placed between the door and the adjacent edges of the casing and is moved step by step until all of the pictures have been reflected.

and the tripod are removed and the burner of the lamp is then inserted through the tube D until the lower edge of the tube engages with the seat o. A closure is thus provided for the openingin the bottom of the casing and at the same time the casing is wholly or partiallyesupported on the lamp. The combustion gases can escape through the -chimney but 'the vhood above the chimney prevents the rays of light from passing upwardly. The burner OI of the lamp lies in front of the reflector so thatits rays are concentrated and reilected 'against the door at the rear of the casing. 0" is a lamp chimney extending into the chimney G.

Since the Vcasing rests upon the lamp at one corner thereof, I prefer to provide additional supportingmeans therefor. 4To this end I employ a base plate Q, upon which the lamp may rest, the base plate having an upwardly-projecting tubular member g which will register with the tube K secured to the' casing. A rod Q1 is inserted through the tube K and into the tube g. The upper end of the tube g serves to support the casing and the rod prevents lateral displacement of the casing upon this tube.

In Fig. 6 I have shown the manner of illuminating the redectoscope by means of gas or electricity. R is a base plate having thereon a pair of vertically-extending tubes r and r1 which are spaced apart the same distance as the tubes K and K1. R1 is a gas burner mounted upon the base. The parts are so constructed and arranged that when the tube'D of the casing is slipped down over the burner, the casing will be supported upon the upper ends of the tubes r and r1 and the casin may be locked in position by means of ro s k and k1 inserted through the tubes K and K1 and projecting into the tubes v' and r1. By providing the burner with a mantle such as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, the illumination will be at the proper point relative to the reector. Furthermore, a lam chimney similar to the chimney 0 should' e employed.

When it is desired to illuminate the relectoscope by means of an electriclight, the

base R or one similar thereto is employed;

the hood I is removed and an electric socket S is placed in the cover H. rllhe cover Il is provided with acentral opening l1. of a size suiiicient to receive and hold the socket.

The cover may be detached and a bulb T screwed into the socket andthe cover again replaced, holding the bulb in front of the reflector. When the gas or a reading lamp is to be used, the chimney cover or the entire chimney is detached, the bulb is unscrewed and removed and then the socket is withdrawn; the chimney cover or the chimney is then replaced and the hood is added.

It will be seen that the cover H is provided with a number of perforations, 71,1, in addition to the central opening h. These perforations a'ord ventilation when the casing is being illuminated electrically, the hot air escaping, and the-card or other device being displayed being protected against undue heat. Where the illumination is by means ofthe lamp or the gas, the combustion gases are conveyed upwardly by means of the lamp chimneys into the main chimney; so that the interior of the casing remains comparatively cool regardless of the source i of illumination, and the cards are prevented from being injured. l

A further protection for the cards is afforded by the expedient of hinging the door at the rear of the casing and making no provision for lookin the door in place. It is thus impossible 01 the operator to go away 'and leave a card exposed to the heat of the illuminating device for, as soon as the operator releases the door, it drops down carrying the card with it.

In apparatuses of this kind the redectors tarnish very readily and often destroy the icq value of the apparatuses when they are otherwise as good as new. In order to mini mize the evil due to tarnishing ofthe reflectors, I make them detachable so that they may be taken out and cleaned or even be replaced by new ones should they become damaged. To this end the reector ma take the form of a sheet of resilient materia such as German silver and be sprung in place in the casing. In the arrangement shown, the reiiector L is sprung into position between a lu a on the casin and the portion b of the tue B which projects into the casing. The reiector is held in place through its own resiliency and can easily be removed and replaced.

I prefer to make the interior of the casing a dead black so that there will be no interference of light due to redection 'from the Walls.

It will now be seen that I have provided a simple and novel arrangement whereby a reectoscope may be illuminated from any usual source of light, an oil or alcohol lamp being provided which may be used for illumination as a reading lamp or a lamp for any usual purpose when not otherwise employed.

aving no,Y fully described my invention, wint I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters lstent is:

l. in combination, a lamp having a seat for a shade-holder, a reflectoscope having an opening therein at one side of a size to permit the redectoscope to rest upon said seat With the chimney of the lamp extending into the reflectosoope, and a supporting device arranged at the opposite side of the retlectoscope to coperate With said seat for supporting the Weight of the reflectoscope.

2. In a retlectoscope, a casing, a door, hinged to said casing, a source of light Within the casing, and a revoluble card holder mounted on said door in position to receive rays of light from said source.

8. In a reectoscope, a. casing, a lens-supporting tube on said casing, a door hinged to the casing in rear of said tube, and a card holder revolubly mounted on the interior of said door and curved forwardly at the ends toward said tube. l

4. in reflectoscope, a casing having an opening therein for the passage of a burner, a reflector in said casing, a chimney above said opening, a cover detachably mounted on said chimney,.said covering having an opening therein ot' a size to tit an electric light socket, the length of the chimney being such that a bulb secured Within a socket held by said cover extends into said casing in front of said reflector, a lamp having a seat thereon. supporting device arranged i to support said casing in position wherein the casing rests upon said seat on the lamp with the chimney extending through said opening, the arrangement being such-that a part of the Weight oi? the casing is supported by thelamp and the remainder by the said supporting device.

ln combination, a lamp having a seat surrounding the burner, a base plate for supporting said lamp, a vertical tube on said base. plate, a retlectoscope arranged to rest on said seat, a vertical tube on said reflectoscope in position to aline with the tube on the base plate, and a rod extending -loosely into said tubes, said tubes being so proportioned that one rests upon the other When the reiiectoscope rests upon said seat.

6.. In combination, a casing, shoulders in the casing, a card support in the casing, a source of illumination, and a reector comprising a sheet of resilient metal sprung in position between said shoulders.

7. In a reiiectoscope, a casing, a lens-supporting tube on said casing, a card-holder mounted in rear of said tube, a source of light/in the casing, a shoulder in the casing,

a source of light Within the casing, and a revoluble card holder mounted on said door in position to receive rays of light from said source.

9. In a reflectoscope, a casing, a lens-supporting tube on said casing, a door movably mounted on the casing in rear of said tubey and a card holder revolubly mounted on the interior of said door and curved forwardly at its ends toward said tube.

10. An opaque picture holder provided with means for holding a picture thereon by its edges, pivotally mounted on a support so that it can rotate thereon about the optical axis of the objective lens, substantially as specified.

ll. An opaque picture holder for use in apparatus of the. class described, consisting of u curved or bent picture-supporting back, having its two opposing curved edges fitted with grooves to receive the edges of the picture, substantially as specified.

12. A picture holder for opaque picture projecting apparatus consisting of an integral piece of plate having tivo opposite edges folded over to form a flanged groove at each'edge to receive and retain the edges of the picture, and bent or curved in concave forni on its Atlanged side, said plate being pivotally attached to a support so as to rotate about the optical a2-.is ot the lens, substantially as specilied.

13. ln an instrument for` the purposes specified, a picture holder provided with a pair of curved picture-edge-retaining grooves which are continuous or ,unbroken throughout substantiallyntheir entire length, substantially as specified.

14. ln an instrument of the class described, a picture holder provided with a pair of picture-edge-retaining grooves which are curved in relation to the objective lens and are continuous or unbroken throughout substantially their entire length, substantially as specied.

in testimony whereof, l sign this speciication in the presence of two Witnesses.

THOMAS GRAHAM.

HARRY S. GMTHER. 

